The 3 P’s of First Aid: What Are They + Why They Are Important

First aid is a crucial skill that can mean the difference between life and death in emergency situations. Central to first aid are the 3 P’s:

  1. Preserve life
  2. Prevent further injury
  3. Promote recovery.

Understanding and knowing how to deploy these principles is essential for anyone who is a first aider.

1. Preserve Life

The primary goal of first aid is to preserve life. This involves immediate actions to ensure the survival of the casualty. Key actions include:

  • Ensuring an Open Airway: Checking if the victim’s airway is clear is crucial. An obstructed airway can lead to asphyxiation.
  • CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation): If the person is not breathing, CPR may be necessary to keep blood flowing and provide oxygen to the body until professional medical help arrives.
  • Controlling Major Bleeding: Severe bleeding can lead to shock and needs to be controlled quickly.
  • Preventing Shock: Keeping the person warm and calm is essential in preventing shock, a life-threatening condition.

2. Prevent Further Injury

Once the immediate threat to life is addressed, the next step is to prevent the injury from worsening. This includes:

  • Immobilisation: If there is a suspected fracture or spinal injury, it is crucial not to move the person unnecessarily, as this could cause further harm.
  • Protecting Wounds: Clean and cover wounds to prevent infection.
  • Reassurance and Comfort: Keeping the injured person calm and comfortable is a vital part of preventing further injury.

3. Promote Recovery

The final P stands for promoting recovery. This involves steps that encourage the healing process and return to health, such as:

  • Aftercare Advice: Providing guidance on how to care for injuries after the initial first aid treatment.
  • Referral to Medical Help: Sometimes, further medical treatment is required for complete recovery.
  • Monitoring: Keeping an eye on the person’s condition to ensure it does not deteriorate.

Real-life Example of Using the Three P’s

It was a sunny Saturday afternoon, and I was at the local park enjoying a leisurely walk with the dog. Suddenly, I heard shouts for help coming from the nearby basketball court. Rushing over, I found a young man lying on the ground, surrounded by a group of his friends. He had collapsed during the game and was unconscious. Straight away I deployed the Three Ps, as follows:

Preserve Life

My first instinct was to check his airway and breathing – the vital first step in preserving life. I quickly assessed that he was breathing but unresponsive. His friend mentioned he had a history of epilepsy, and it seemed he had experienced a seizure. I placed him in the recovery position to ensure his airway remained clear and monitored his breathing, ready to perform CPR if necessary.

Prevent Further Injury

The next step was to prevent any further injury. As the young man was slowly regaining consciousness, I made sure nobody moved him unnecessarily, as we didn’t know if he had sustained any injuries during the fall. I instructed one of his friends to ask for the first aid kit from a small local shop in the park, while I used my jacket to cushion his head. I reassured him and kept him calm, explaining what had happened.

Promote Recovery

Once he was more alert, I began to promote recovery. I checked him for injuries and found a slight bruise on his head. Applying an instant cold pack as a compress from the first aid kit helped reduce the swelling. I advised his friends to take him to a hospital for a full check-up, even though he insisted he felt better. I stressed the importance of professional medical check-up.

4 reasons why Are the 3 P’s Important?

  • Systematic Approach: They provide a structured easy to remember formula to handling emergencies, ensuring that immediate threats to life are dealt with first.
  • Reduces Panic: Knowing the 3 P’s helps to reduce panic in emergency situations, enabling more effective and efficient aid.
  • Improves Outcomes: By following these steps, first aiders can significantly improve the chances of recovery and reduce the severity of injuries.
  • Empowers Bystanders: Even those without extensive medical knowledge can make a difference by understanding and applying these principles.

Where Can you get High Quality, Affordable First Aid Training?

By doing your first aid training you can not only become a qualified first aider, but you can also become a life saver. The beauty on an online first aid course is that it’s more affordable, it can be done around your busy schedule, and it takes just 2 hours to complete. Our online first aid course is available for just £16 and it’s fully compliant with UK government regulations as well as independently accredited by CDP Group. Become first aid trained today.